This study investigated the validity and reliability of the French translation of the Marital Satisfaction Inventory—Revised (MSI-R). This multidimensional measure of relationship functioning has shown its contribution in international studies but has also been used in clinical context to measure the nature and intensity of distress in a marriage or other couple relationship. Internal reliability and temporal stability, computed on a sample of 160 French-speaking couples are good and similar to those observed in previous translations. The factorial structure recently proposed by Herrington et al. (2008) has been replicated within our sample. Results confirm the 2 factors, disharmony and disaffection, are relevant and that they could be used in future research using a brief version of the MSI-R. Overall, the results support the construct validity of this measure for French-speaking couples. Some links between the scales of the questionnaire and independent criteria of relationship functioning assessed with others instruments (DCI, CPQ, PFB) have been demonstrated, as well as links with sociodemographic variables and personality traits assessed with the NEO-FFI-R. Results are discussed in the light of their theoretical and clinical implications. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)